domain.com does not use cluster DNS, but shop.domain.com points to the correct server. I did manage to solve the problem. Originally I created a shop subdomain under domain.com, then realized I couldn’t change the PHP version for it separately. After that I deleted the subdomain and created a new website with the same name. At that point I started getting “This website is not available” errors that wouldn’t go away.
The issue was resolved when I realized the original subdomain was still waiting for final removal (soft deleted). After I performed a hard delete, the new website started working.